An Odd Way of Categorizing Story Types

Writing The Midnight Files has had some interesting effects on the way I view stories.

For those of you who aren’t familiar with it, the basic premise of The Midnight Files is that story genres invade the real world, changing how it functions to match story conventions.  To set the world right, the Agency sends in agents who kill or unravel the story, often by using its own conventions against it.  Or, to put it another way: The Midnight Files is basically TVtropes.com mashed with Supernatural with guest stars from every popular novel/movie/videogame.

One of the things the Agency does to help its agents defeat story genres is by categorizing them into not only genre but strain, type, subtype, and variant.  (Genres are described as “infecting” the real world, so I use some infection vocabulary.)

For example, in Agency parlance:

 

The Haunting of Hill House: Horror genre, House strain (Decadent variant), Malevolent type

Five Nights at Freddy’s: Horror genre, Rules strain, Survive-One-Night type (Multiple Nights variant), Animatronic subtype

Sherlock Holmes: Mystery genre, Private Detective strain (Impersonal variant), Deductive type

Labyrinth: Fantasy genre, Coming-of-Age strain, Fairytale type, Challenge subtype

 

I try to create these categories based on what is most impactful to the nature of how the story plays out, based on patterns I see when related to other stories.  For example, in horror, location often defines a story’s tropes more than the villain: a horror ghost story that takes place in a house will more similar to a cursed mirror story that takes place in a house than it will be to a ghost story that takes place somewhere other than a house.

Part of the effect of breaking down story tropes in this manner is that sometimes I realize that stories I thought of as fairly different are actually fairly similar.  At the moment, I’m writing a Gothic Horror in the style of Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, and I noticed two things:

1. Gothic Horror and Gothic Romance that take place in an Ancestral Estate are more similar to each other than they are to other types of Gothic in either genre.

2.  Jekyll and Hyde is basically the same story as The Picture of Dorian Grey, except for the differences caused by the characters of the protagonists.

I address the first point somewhat in the story, so I’ll tackle the second here, because I think it’s, well, interesting. 

First of all, I would categorize both stories as: Horror genre, Gothic strain, Duality type.

 

Jekyll and Hyde: a man with secretly decadent habits makes a drug to cure his boredom.  This drug makes him transform into an evil version of himself.  The evil version is happier than the kind version and intrigues the kind version.  In fact, the kind version realizes he’d be happier if he stayed as the evil version permanently.  However, when he realizes the evil version is actually going to become permanent, the kind version repents and kills himself rather than let the evil permanently take hold.

Dorian Grey: a man, previously innocent, discovers the pleasure of decadent habits and indulges his evil side more and more.  A portrait of him transfers the effects of his evil onto itself, allowing him to dodge the effects of his evil.  At once point, he realizes that he has become evil, but decides he likes it too much to give it up and decides to keep it permanently.  When he sees the evidence of his evil in the portrait, he tries to get rid of the evidence by stabbing it, which ends up killing him instead.

 

If I were to create a template for a generic version of these stories, it would look like this:

In a Gothic Horror style: a man is tempted by decadence.  Given a magical means, he is able to indulge is evil side without being caught.  However, the evidence and power of his evil eventually catches up with him.  If he is, at heart, a moral man, he kills himself rather than let the evil spread.  If he is, at heart, an immoral man, he attempts to kill the evil rather than let him incriminate him (and in doing so, accidentally kills himself instead). 

 

The detailed categories of each would end up looking like this:

Jekyll and Hyde: Horror genre, Gothic strain, Duality type (moral variant), transformation subtype

Dorian Grey: Horror genre, Gothic strain, Duality type (immoral variant), magical object subtype

 

Overall, Jekyll and Hyde would be not much changed if it utilized a magical portrait instead of a scientific potion, and Dorian Grey would not be much changed if Dorian physically transformed.  More important is the fact that Dorian, was at heart, a really horrible person through and through, and Jekyll had some redeeming qualities.  Despite this, for years I have thought of the two stories as quite different, not because of the nature of the protagonists, but because of the sort of magic/science used to effect the plot.  Which is, I suppose, a lesson more on the importance of window dressing than on anything else . . .

In any case, if looking at and breaking down stories like this helps you at all, I recommend giving it a try!  It isn’t perfect by any means, but it can be both useful and fun if your brain works that way.

Writing Emotion

 One of the best pieces of writing advice I’ve ever heard is this: if you want to have a character react with an emotion, take a moment and act out that emotion.  For example, for anger, you might think really, really hard about something that makes you angry, so that your whole body reacts—and then you observe.  How has your face moved?  What are your hands doing?  What are your legs doing?  Your feet? 

 Now look at an object in your room.  That is truly, absolutely disgusting.  Revolting.  It makes you want to puke looking at it.  What do you do?  Do you stay faced fully toward it, or do you turn away?  Do you want to keep looking at it?  How does the inside of your throat feel?

 That is one level of emotion: the immediate physical reaction.  But there is another: compensation.

 Often, with strong emotion, our reaction is an attempt to somehow get rid of the side effects of that emotion by dealing with other things in our lives that cause a similar or overlapping feeling.  As for me, when I’m stressed, I find any clutter far less bearable, because clutter also makes me feel stressed. When I’m under stress (or an emotion that causes stress, such as frustration, grief, or even excessive excitement), I tend to go on a cleaning spree.  I may not be able to do anything to lessen my grief, but by gum, this kitchen is not going to be adding to my stress.  It’s a form of exerting change on what I can control to compensate for not being able to fix what I can’t.

 Of course, everyone is different, and so everyone exerts this control on something different: for some people, a messy house is not going to be a cause of stress.  The question is then: what is?  And that comes down to your character’s unique personality.  Perhaps they find impending deadlines stressful, in which case they might do something to forget, or they might work overtime.  Perhaps they find decision-making stressful, in which case they might exhibit avoidance behavior or dump the problem on someone else.  In either case, these can be secondary reactions to the emotion that’s causing the bulk of the stress.

 At the moment, this is all theoretically, so let’s take a story case study.  We’ll use a classic form:

 Once upon a time, there was a humble village out in the middle of nowhere.  This village had been at peace for many generations, untouched by the great evils taking place far away. 

 Then one day, minions of the great evil attack the village, slaughtering the inhabitants.  Our protagonist manages to hide in a cellar, so they don’t find him.  When he finally emerges, once the attackers are long gone, he finds everything he’s ever known and loved destroyed.

 He could have different initial reactions: freezing, running around trying to find people, fleeing, hiding back in the cellar.  This is a good time to show character and initial shock.  But . . . what about after that?  Does he bury all the bodies and tidy the place up before either leaving or making himself a new home there?  Does he keep running all the way to the next village?  Once there, does he try to get people to help, or does he pretend not to know about the event, so he can’t be connected to it?  Does he work obsessively to get strong enough to defeat the evildoers?

 I used this beginning as an example for three reasons.  First, it’s reminiscent of the Call to Adventure in the Hero’s Journey.  Second, I actually recently read a rather different take on it in the beginning of Bog Standard Isekai.  Third, I spend the entirety of Sunday and Monday cleaning my house. 

 Goodbye, dear Flora.  You were the most wonderful dog.

12/8/2010-1/4/2025